{"id":1530,"date":"2023-10-18T16:55:57","date_gmt":"2023-10-18T15:55:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/?p=1530"},"modified":"2023-10-18T17:43:58","modified_gmt":"2023-10-18T16:43:58","slug":"postcolonial-geopolitics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/language\/ar\/2023\/10\/18\/postcolonial-geopolitics\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1530\" class=\"elementor elementor-1530\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-383afa0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"383afa0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-191822c\" data-id=\"191822c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-889f14a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"889f14a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 18-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:right;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pureportal.coventry.ac.uk\/en\/persons\/alex-hastie\"><strong>\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0647<\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/ar\/djalel-ar\/\"><strong>\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u064e\u0634\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0652<\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a\/ \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023`<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ef1cec8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ef1cec8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8801cde\" data-id=\"8801cde\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-863e197 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"863e197\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; margin-left: -7.1pt; text-align: justify; mso-outline-level: 1;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pureportal.coventry.ac.uk\/en\/persons\/alex-hastie\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">Alex Hastie<\/span><\/a><\/span><span class=\"MsoHyperlink\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">,<\/span><\/span> <span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/14650045.2021.1882426?src=\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">Postcolonial Geopolitics: Reading Contemporary Geopolitics in Maghrebi-French War Films<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;\">, <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&amp;journalCode=fgeo20\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">Geopolitics<\/span><\/a><\/span><span class=\"MsoHyperlink\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"> Journal, <\/span><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi;\">Feb 26, 2021<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-DZ;\">\/ UK.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f2f9eed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f2f9eed\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5e2e99b\" data-id=\"5e2e99b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34be950 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34be950\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644:<\/strong><\/p><ol><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644-\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u062e\u064e\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-02510e8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"02510e8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a7043e\" data-id=\"2a7043e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9a770b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9a770b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064c \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u064c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0651\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: <strong>&#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631&#8221; (1966)\u060c &#8220;\u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f&#8221; (2006)\u060c &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221; (2010)\u060c &#8220;\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064c \u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631&#8221; (2011).<\/strong> <strong>(The Battle of Algiers, Day of Glory\/ French: Indigenes, Outside of the Law\/ French: Hors la Loi, Free Men\/ French: Les Hommes Libres)<\/strong> \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631.<\/p><p>\u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064d \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0635\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0651\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0651\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631&#8221; (1966) \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0642\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0635\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640 DVD \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2004 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628&#8221; \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064d (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629\u064d \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629) \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a IRA. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631&#8221; \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628\u064d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u064d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642\u064d \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p><p>\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0640 (IMDb) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u064d \u064a\u064f\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642\u064f \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628.<\/p><p>\u062a\u064f\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0645\u064f\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629\u064b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0636\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629\u064d \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642\u064d \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629. \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f&#8221; (2006) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 &#8220;\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u064d \u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646&#8221; (1998)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0633\u062a\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0640 &#8220;\u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f&#8221; \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1959 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221; (2010) \u0641\u064a\u064f\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0628&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064e \u0630\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u064f\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u064a\u062c\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u064d \u062a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u00ab\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0632\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u00bb.<\/p><p>\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 &#8220;\u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0645.<\/p><p>\u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a&#8221;. \u0625\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221;. \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644\u0629\u064d \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1945 &#8220;\u0634\u0628\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627&#8221; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/p><p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol><li><strong> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>\u064a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d <strong>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221;<\/strong> <strong>(Postcolonial Film and Postcolonial Theory)<\/strong>. \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064d \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0624\u0642\u0651\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0652 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0628\u062a \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064d \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0652 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u0627\u062c\u062c <strong>\u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f<\/strong> (1978) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 <strong>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627&#8221;<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f) \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a <strong>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644\u0629&#8221; <\/strong><strong>(The Imaginative Geographies)<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 <strong>\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 <\/strong><strong>(Blunt and MacEwan)<\/strong>\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0651\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644&#8221;\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u064f\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641.&#8221;<\/p><p>\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 <strong>(Representation a<\/strong><strong>n<\/strong><strong>d Encounter)<\/strong>. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 &#8220;\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627&#8221; \u064a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627&#8221; \u0648\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0645\u0632\u0651\u0642\u0629\u064b <strong>(A Self-reflexive and<\/strong> <strong>Fragmented Narratives)<\/strong>.<\/p><p>\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u0650 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0644\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631&#8221; \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0635\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064d \u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064d \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064d \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629\u064c \u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/p><p>\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631 <\/strong><strong>(Tarr)<\/strong> \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0645\u0627 &#8220;\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a&#8221;. \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0651\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0625\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064d \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol start=\"2\"><li><strong> \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>\u064a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0651\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u064a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064c \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646 <\/strong><strong>(Marcus Power and Andrew Crampton)<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u062b 11 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0623\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0631\u064f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064c \u0645\u062b\u0644 <strong>(The Siege)<\/strong><strong> \u0648 <\/strong><strong>(Die Hard)<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 &#8220;\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f 11 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 <strong>\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/strong> \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b <strong>\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0633 <\/strong><strong>(Dodds)<\/strong> \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 &#8220;\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064d \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064d \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.&#8221; \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641\/\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629&#8221;. \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064c \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u062c\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633<\/strong> <strong>(Jason Dittmen and Gray Nicholas)<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 <strong>\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0632<\/strong> \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 &#8220;\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629&#8221;. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0625\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0651\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0650\u0643\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a&#8221; \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 <strong>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0633 <\/strong><strong>(Sharp and Cragges)<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627 <strong>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 <strong>(The Subaltern)<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0636\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u0639\u0649 <strong>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646&#8221;. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b <strong>\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 <\/strong><strong>(Slater)<\/strong> \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d &#8220;\u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644-\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0647\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u064d \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol start=\"3\"><li><strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0628 <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628:<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221; (2010) \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064d \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0634\u064e\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 &#8220;\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646&#8221;. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0650\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064f\u0631\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628. \u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 <strong>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0632 <\/strong><strong>(Carter and Dodds)<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u064d \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.&#8221;<\/p><p>\u064a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221; \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629\u064c \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u063a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0629 (IMDb) \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628-\u0623\u064a\u0651\u064f \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u061f&#8221; \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628. \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221; \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/p><p>\u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u064c \u0639\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 21\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0651\u0631\u064e\u0631&#8221; \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645. \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645: &#8220;\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u064f\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064c\/\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u064c \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u064f\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645. \u0623\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 90% \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0651\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0647.. \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0648\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0650 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0647\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0623\u0646\u0651\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0650\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064d \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0651\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e\u060c \u0641\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629.&#8221;<\/p><p>\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a&#8221; \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u064c \u064a\u064f\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0650 &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u064d&#8221; \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u064e \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628) \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u064b \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0650\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p><p>\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f&#8221; \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: &#8220;\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0635\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u062a\u064f \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064f\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631. \u0623\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064f\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u064e \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b 11 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2001.&#8221;<\/p><p>\u062a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f 11 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639.. \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0623\u0637\u0651\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631&#8221; \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><ol start=\"4\"><li><strong> \u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644-\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0652 &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221; (2010)\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631&#8221; (2011) \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644-\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646&#8221;. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064d \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2010\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2011. \u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 <strong>\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 <\/strong><strong>(Mark Harris)<\/strong> \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u00ab\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221;.. \u0641\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064d \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062d\u0627\u062c\u062c \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0651\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u00bb. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 <strong>\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/strong> <strong>(Andrew Latimer)<\/strong> \u0641\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062c\u064b\u0627: \u00ab\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u062c\u0647\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0650\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627.. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u00bb.<\/p><p>\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0651\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0628\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0641\u064d \u0645\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a 8 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1945\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p><p>\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631&#8221; (2011) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644-\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a. \u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629\u064c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0644\u0640 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0648&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1870\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a.<\/p><p>\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631&#8221; \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u064d \u062c\u062f\u0651\u064a\u064d \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f. \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064d \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064d \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0631\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f &#8220;\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629&#8221;.<\/p><p>\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647 \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0642\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u064f\u063a\u0637\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644-\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0635\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064d \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064d \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064d \u0637\u0648\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627.. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u064c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0633\u063a\u0650 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064e \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064d \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u064c \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p><p>\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0629 IMDb\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644-\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0650\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642\u064d \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u064b \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b 11 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064d \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&#8221;.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/pureportal.coventry.ac.uk\/en\/persons\/alex-hastie\"><strong>\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0647<\/strong><\/a><strong>:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u0646\u062a\u0631\u064a. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064d \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0651\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6c0bb36 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6c0bb36\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6856384\" data-id=\"6856384\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d1166a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6d1166a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 18-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"267\" height=\"267\" src=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Picture6.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-1182\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Picture6.jpg 267w, https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Picture6-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-40cd8a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"40cd8a3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b96fa65\" data-id=\"b96fa65\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-299b838 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"299b838\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/ar\/djalel-ar\/\"><strong>\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u064e\u0634\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0652:<\/strong><\/a><\/p><p>\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (CIGA) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064c \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0651\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064c \u0623\u0645 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637\u061f&#8221; (2021)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629&#8221; (2017)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627&#8221; (2015).<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635: \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u064e\u0634\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0652 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a\/ \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023` Alex Hastie, Postcolonial Geopolitics: Reading Contemporary Geopolitics in Maghrebi-French War Films, Geopolitics Journal, Feb 26, 2021\/ UK. \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1532,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[72],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arabic-translations"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1530","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1530"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1530\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1539,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1530\/revisions\/1539"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1532"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1530"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1530"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1530"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}