{"id":2523,"date":"2024-09-04T00:55:22","date_gmt":"2024-09-03T23:55:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/?p=2523"},"modified":"2024-09-04T01:06:03","modified_gmt":"2024-09-04T00:06:03","slug":"how-does-geography-determine-the-political-fate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/language\/ar\/2024\/09\/04\/how-does-geography-determine-the-political-fate\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2523\" class=\"elementor elementor-2523\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1ec5ea5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1ec5ea5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1cfa28b\" data-id=\"1cfa28b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd63b7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fd63b7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 18-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:right;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.simonandschuster.com\/authors\/Tim-Marshall\/523742523\"><strong>\u062a\u0650\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/language\/ar\/djalel-ar\/\"><strong>\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u064e\u0634\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0652<\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\/ \u0643\u062a\u0628: \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024 <\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1f4622d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1f4622d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e0903a\" data-id=\"2e0903a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fc0f3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3fc0f3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Chapter on \u201cGeopolitics of Australia: How Does Geography Determine the Political Fate of this Country?\u201d at <\/strong><strong>\u201cThe Power of Geography: Ten Maps That Reveal the Future of Our World\u201d (2021)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>By: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.simonandschuster.com\/authors\/Tim-Marshall\/523742523\" style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong>Tim Marshall<\/strong><\/a><strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Reviewed by: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/djallel-khechib\/\" style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong>Djallel Khechib<\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><strong>Book\/Chapter Review: September 2024&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f9a9b7c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f9a9b7c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fd785d\" data-id=\"5fd785d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42460f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"42460f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0651\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627. \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0640\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a.<\/p><p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00ab<a href=\"https:\/\/eandtbooks.com\/books\/the-power-of-geography\/\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627: \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064f \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627<\/a>\u00bb (2021) \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u064d 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u062b\u064f\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628. \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 25 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 80% \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 -\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627- \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 3,3% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2016). \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647. 50% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0637\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-db34a8f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"db34a8f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b567198\" data-id=\"b567198\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-151842b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"151842b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 18-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"553\" height=\"426\" src=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2526\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2.jpg 553w, https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/2-300x231.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 553px) 100vw, 553px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1a90846 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1a90846\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7bda12b\" data-id=\"7bda12b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b262fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b262fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 70% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u064d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0629 (\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u064c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629\u064c \u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064c \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0635\u062d\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644..)\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647. \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0628\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0652 2019\/2020 \u0647\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064c \u0636\u062e\u0645\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630\u0647\u0627\u060c \u063a\u0637\u0651\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u064a 48,9 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u064c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u064c \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0637\u0648\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064a <strong>(Murray)<\/strong> \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u063a <strong>(Darling)<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629\u0650 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u064d \u0635\u063a\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u064d \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0633\u0641\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0636\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7f8c56d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7f8c56d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cca0bb0\" data-id=\"cca0bb0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc0a4af elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dc0a4af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"565\" height=\"435\" src=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2527\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/3.jpg 565w, https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/3-300x231.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 565px) 100vw, 565px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-02975d3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"02975d3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cde6002\" data-id=\"cde6002\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3537cc4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3537cc4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u064a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u064d \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0651\u062b\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628. \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 <strong>(Quad)<\/strong> \u0623\u064a\u0652 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0651\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064d \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639. \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0648-\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u062f\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0650\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>(Quad Plus)<\/strong> \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0630\u0631\u064d \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0623\u064a\u0651\u064f \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629\u064d \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u064d \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-151c70e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"151c70e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55aa723\" data-id=\"55aa723\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-060b690 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"060b690\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.simonandschuster.com\/authors\/Tim-Marshall\/523742523\"><strong>\u062a\u0650\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4fc4d4e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4fc4d4e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a850c18\" data-id=\"a850c18\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1acb6f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1acb6f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"212\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Picture4-212x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-2510\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Picture4-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Picture4.jpg 546w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 212px) 100vw, 212px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5f65e3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5f65e3d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fa2e672\" data-id=\"fa2e672\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7a84b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a7a84b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632. \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0625\u0644 \u0628\u064a \u0633\u064a\/\u0622\u064a \u0622\u0631 \u0625\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0637\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641\u0648 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0651\u0644\u0629. \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647: &#8220;\u0633\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0645\u064c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627&#8221;.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9084511 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9084511\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c57a702\" data-id=\"c57a702\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0d6e02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b0d6e02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/language\/ar\/djalel-ar\/\"><strong>\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u064e\u0634\u0650\u0651\u064a\u0628\u0652<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3215a4c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3215a4c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f40190\" data-id=\"8f40190\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0739d25 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0739d25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"271\" src=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/22-300x271.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-45\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/22-300x271.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/22.jpg 568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-046f6d4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"046f6d4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da38557\" data-id=\"da38557\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-389a318 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"389a318\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (CIGA) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627. \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0651\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064d \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064d \u0645\u064f\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2024)\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064c \u0623\u0645 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637\u061f \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0628\u0631\u064a&#8221; (2021)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: &#8220;\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627&#8221; (2015).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641: \u062a\u0650\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629: \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u064e\u0634\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0652 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\/ \u0643\u062a\u0628: \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024 Chapter on \u201cGeopolitics of Australia: How Does Geography Determine the Political Fate of this Country?\u201d at \u201cThe Power of Geography: Ten Maps That Reveal the Future of Our World\u201d (2021) By: Tim Marshall&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Reviewed by: Djallel Khechib Book\/Chapter Review: September 2024&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":2524,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2523","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2523"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2523\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2539,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2523\/revisions\/2539"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2524"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2523"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2523"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cigacriticalvoices.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2523"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}